Morgagni-Adams-Stokes syndrome - История изменений

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[[en:Morgagni-Adams-Stokes syndrome]]
[[ru:Синдром Морганьи — Адамса — Стокса]]
Morgagni-Adams-Stokes syndrome is a syncope caused by a sharp decrease in cardiac output and cerebral ischemia due to an acute cardiac arrhythmia (second-degree [[sinoatrial block]] or [[third-degree or complete atrioventricular block|complete atrioventricular block]], paroxysmal tachycardia, [[ventricular fibrillation and ventricular flutter|ventricular fibrillation]], [[sick sinus syndrome]] and etc.).

Morgagni-Adams-Stokes syndrome can occur in such forms:

# Tachycardic: develops with paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia, paroxysm of supraventricular tachycardia and paroxysm of atrial fibrillation or [[atrial flutter]] at a ventricular contraction rate of more than 250 beats per minute, with [[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW syndrome)]].
# Bradycardic: develops with the refusal or stopping of the sinus node, [[third-degree or complete atrioventricular block|complete atrioventricular block]] and [[sinoatrial block]] at a frequency of contractions of the ventricles 20 beats per minute or less.
# Mixed: develops with alternating periods of [[ventricular asystole]] and tachyarrhythmia.

Bouts usually occur suddenly, rarely last more than 1-2 minutes and, as a rule, do not entail neurological complications. Acute myocardial infarction or cerebral circulation disorders can be both a cause and a consequence of Morgagni-Adams-Stokes syndrome.

The clinical picture: the patient suddenly loses consciousness, becomes pale with a dianetic tinge, the pupils are dilated and do not respond to light, the cervical veins swell, the breathing becomes deep, then rare, irregular; the muscles of the trunk become strained, lightly twitching of the muscles of the face and hands occur first, and then epileptiform convulsions occur; the pulse is not palpable, the heart sounds are not listened to, blood pressure is not determined. The termination of an bout is accompanied by a sharp reddening of the skin. An attack lasting 4-5 minutes can end fatal. Light attacks are characterized by a slight dizziness and blackout of consciousness, accompanied by a sharp pallor. It is often possible to determine the reason for bouts by outpatient monitoring.

Treatment:

If the cause of the syndrome is tachyarrhythmias, it is necessary to prescribe the appropriate antiarrhythmic drugs. If the bouts occur as a result of [[bradycardia]] (most often with [[third-degree or complete atrioventricular block|complete atrioventricular block]]), a permanent electrocardiostimulation is advisable. The best method of treatment for this syndrome is implantation of the electrodes of the artificial pacemaker (electrostimulator) in the heart.

@@ Строка 11: / Строка 11: @@
 Bouts usually occur suddenly, rarely last more than 1-2 minutes and, as a rule, do not entail neurological complications. Acute myocardial infarction or cerebral circulation disorders can be both a cause and a consequence of the Morgagni-Adams-Stokes syndrome.
-The clinical picture: the patient suddenly loses consciousness, becomes pale with a dianetic tinge, the pupils are dilated and do not respond to light, the cervical veins swell, the breathing becomes deep, then rare, irregular; the muscles of the trunk become strained, lightly twitching of the muscles of the face and hands occur first, and then epileptiform convulsions occur; the pulse is not palpable, the heart sounds are not listened to, blood pressure is not determined. The termination of an bout is accompanied by a sharp reddening of the skin. An attack lasting 4-5 minutes can end fatal. Light attacks are characterized by a slight dizziness and blackout of consciousness, accompanied by a sharp pallor. It is often possible to determine the reason for bouts by outpatient monitoring.
+The clinical picture: the patient suddenly loses consciousness, becomes pale with a dianetic tinge, the pupils are dilated and do not respond to light, the cervical veins swell, the breathing becomes deep, then rare, irregular; the muscles of the trunk become strained, lightly twitching of the muscles of the face and hands occur first, and then epileptiform convulsions occur; the pulse is not palpable, the heart sounds are not listened to, blood pressure is not determined. The termination of an bout is accompanied by a sharp reddening of the skin. An attack lasting 4-5 minutes can end fatal. Light attacks are characterized by a slight dizziness and blackout of consciousness, accompanied by a sharp pallor.
 <b>Treatment:</b>
 If the cause of the syndrome is tachyarrhythmias, it is necessary to prescribe the appropriate antiarrhythmic drugs. If the bouts occur as a result of [[bradycardia]] (most often with [[third-degree or complete atrioventricular block|complete atrioventricular block]]), a permanent electrocardiostimulation is advisable. The best method of treatment for this syndrome is implantation of the electrodes of the artificial pacemaker (electrostimulator) in the heart.

@@ Строка 5: / Строка 5: @@
 Morgagni-Adams-Stokes syndrome can occur in such forms:
-# Tachycardic: develops with paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia, paroxysm of supraventricular tachycardia and paroxysm of atrial fibrillation or [[atrial flutter]] at a ventricular contraction rate of more than 250 beats per minute, with [[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW syndrome)]].
+# Tachycardic: develops with paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia, paroxysm of supraventricular tachycardia and paroxysm of atrial fibrillation or [[atrial flutter]] at a ventricular contraction rate of more than 250 beats per minute, with the [[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW syndrome)]].
 # Bradycardic: develops with the refusal or stopping of the sinus node, [[third-degree or complete atrioventricular block|complete atrioventricular block]] and [[sinoatrial block]] at a frequency of contractions of the ventricles 20 beats per minute or less.
 # Mixed: develops with alternating periods of [[ventricular asystole]] and tachyarrhythmia.
-Bouts usually occur suddenly, rarely last more than 1-2 minutes and, as a rule, do not entail neurological complications. Acute myocardial infarction or cerebral circulation disorders can be both a cause and a consequence of Morgagni-Adams-Stokes syndrome.
+Bouts usually occur suddenly, rarely last more than 1-2 minutes and, as a rule, do not entail neurological complications. Acute myocardial infarction or cerebral circulation disorders can be both a cause and a consequence of the Morgagni-Adams-Stokes syndrome.
 The clinical picture: the patient suddenly loses consciousness, becomes pale with a dianetic tinge, the pupils are dilated and do not respond to light, the cervical veins swell, the breathing becomes deep, then rare, irregular; the muscles of the trunk become strained, lightly twitching of the muscles of the face and hands occur first, and then epileptiform convulsions occur; the pulse is not palpable, the heart sounds are not listened to, blood pressure is not determined. The termination of an bout is accompanied by a sharp reddening of the skin. An attack lasting 4-5 minutes can end fatal. Light attacks are characterized by a slight dizziness and blackout of consciousness, accompanied by a sharp pallor. It is often possible to determine the reason for bouts by outpatient monitoring.